Implications of Will Defects in Land Sale and Purchase Deeds Before PPAT on Legal Certainty (Comparative Study of Supreme Court Decision Number 909 PK/Pdt/2020 and Supreme Court Decision Number 838 K/Pdt/2017)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/sijal.v3i2.333Keywords:
Will Defects, Land Sale and Purchase Deed, PPAT, Legal Certainty, Supreme Court DecisionsAbstract
This study examines the implications of will defects (wilsgebrek) in land sale and purchase deeds made before the Land Deed Official (PPAT) on legal certainty, through a comparative analysis of Supreme Court Decision No. 909 PK/Pdt/2020 and No. 838 K/Pdt/2017. Will defects, such as fraud, coercion, or error as regulated in Article 1328 of the Indonesian Civil Code, can disrupt the validity of authentic deeds that possess perfect evidentiary power under Article 1868 of the Civil Code. The research employs a normative juridical approach with qualitative data analysis, focusing on secondary data from legal documents, literature, and court decisions. Findings reveal inconsistencies in judicial approaches: Decision No. 909 prioritizes protection for good-faith buyers, maintaining deed validity for legal certainty, while Decision No. 838 emphasizes substantive justice by annulling the deed due to PPAT negligence. This disparity undermines legal certainty in land transactions, highlighting the need for standardized verification procedures by PPAT and harmonized jurisprudence. The study recommends enhanced PPAT responsibilities and clearer Supreme Court guidelines to balance certainty and justice in land deeds.
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