Overview of Ability Levels of Physical Conditions of Athletic Athletes Center for Student Training Education (PPLP)

: This study aims to determine the level of the physical condition of PPLP West Sumatra athletes which includes: endurance, strength, speed, flexibility, endurance strength, explosive power and leg muscle explosive power arm muscles. this research is descriptive. The population in this study, PPLP West Sumatra athletic athletes which amounted to 14 people consisting of 9 athletes of male and 5 female athletes. Data were analyzed by percentage formula P = (F / N) x 100%. The results were obtained: 1. The level of ability of endurance athletes possessed by sons and daughters are being categorized, 2. The level of ability of the strength of male and female athletes including one less category, 3. The level of speed capabilities possessed by males and female athletes are categorized 4. The degree of flexibility that is owned by sons and daughters athletes get good category, 5. The degree of endurance strength of the male athlete category and female athletes are less category, 6. The degree of leg muscle explosive power possessed male athlete including in the medium category and female athlete, including at least once a category, 7. The degree of arm muscle explosive power possessed male athlete gain medium category and daughter get one less category.


INTRODUCTION
Sport is a systematic activity to encourage, foster and develop physical, spiritual and social potential.In the National Sports System Law, sports are divided into three categories, namely educational sports, achievement sports and recreational sports.The aim of sport itself is to improve human quality by maintaining health, fitness to achieve high achievements for the sake of the nation's name .The goal of achievement sports is to improve human quality and achieve high achievements in these sports.
Through sports achievements, it is hoped that later it will be able to give birth to athletes who can make the name of the region, nation and country proud in the various championships that are contested.In accordance with the achievement goals described in the RI Law concerning the National Sports System no. 3 article 20 paragraph 1 of 2005 that: "sports achievement is intended as an effort to improve the ability and potential of athletes in order to increase the dignity of the nation", (2005:15).To achieve achievements in sports, you must have good and serious and continuous cooperation in all aspects that contribute to the achievement of these achievements, both from internal and external factors.
In achieving maximum performance in every sport, especially athletics, there are many factors that support and influence each other.This was explained by Syafruddin (2012: 44) saying that: "There are two factors that influence it in achieving achievement, these factors are internal and external factors.Internal factors are factors that arise from within the athlete such as physical condition, technique, mental (psychological) tactics, while external factors are factors that come from outside the athlete such as facilities and infrastructure, trainers, coaches, sports teachers, family, organization, funds , climate, nutritious food and many others.
Based on the opinion above, there are many factors that influence athlete achievement, namely internal and external.Judging from internal factors in terms of physical condition, athletes are given maximum physical training so that in participating in competitions, athletes do not get tired, weak and experience defeat.Therefore the element of physical condition is needed by athletes.Of the many elements of physical condition, in the athletics branch PPLP athletes need several elements of physical conditioning including: endurance, strength, speed, flexibility, strength endurance, leg muscle explosiveness and arm muscle explosiveness.
Elements of the physical condition of endurance are needed in every athletic event, such as running, jumping, throwing and taking off.The element of endurance needed is general endurance, because athletes are required to be able to survive during a match in prime condition.The element of strength needed in athletics so that athletes are able to perform movements such as long jump, discus throwing, hurdles and sprints requires leg muscle strength and arm muscle strength.
Elements of other physical conditions such as speed are needed in the track number athletics branch.Athletes are required to move as fast as possible in order to reach the finish in a short time and win.The element of flexibility is needed in the shot put and throwing numbers, this can be seen in the movement in this number the lumbar muscles play an active role in carrying out perfect movements.Therefore, the element of flexibility is also needed in athletics.
In addition to the three elements of physical condition above, there are other elements of physical condition needed in athletics, including strength endurance.Strength endurance is needed in sprint events, because athletes must have leg muscle strength endurance in maintaining speed.The element of leg muscle explosive power is also very much needed in athletics, one of which is in the long jump.In the long jump, athletes must have leg muscle explosive power in order to be able to jump as far as possible.While the element of physical condition of the explosive power of the arm muscles is needed in the takeoff and throwing events, because by having the maximum explosive power of the arm muscles the athlete is able to refuse and throw far.
However, based on the author's observations of athletes and the results of interviews with PPLP athletes on September 30 2014, it is known that athletics athletes still have many shortcomings.This was seen when athletic athletes took part in sparring trials with the province of Jambi, many writers still saw deficiencies in athletes in carrying out match numbers.While the achievements of PPLP athletes in previous years were quite encouraging, The decline in the achievements of West Sumatra PPLP athletes was caused by several things, namely in 2014 West Sumatra PPLP athletes experienced many renewals, namely new athletes entered more.This resulted in new athletes who became athletes fostered by PPLP West Sumatra in 2014 not getting programmed training, not having face-to-face physical training which resulted in coaching starting from the beginning.
In addition, the author also saw that when West Sumatra PPLP athletes took part in friendly matches with Jambi and Riau Provinces, West Sumatra PPLP athletes suffered defeat.This was especially experienced in West Sumatra PPLP athletes when carrying out the 100 meter sprint test, West Sumatra PPLP athletes only took second place, athletes did not have maximum speed.

LITERATURE REVIEWS Durability
According to Syafruddin (2012: 100): in sports endurance is defined as the ability of the body's organisms, especially the heart, lungs and circulatory system to overcome fatigue caused by relatively long training loads.The better the endurance of West Sumatra PPLP athletes, the better the athletes will achieve maximum performance.

Strength
Strength is the ability to move a mass (one's own body, opponent, tool) and also to overcome a burden through muscle work.Physiologically, strength is the ability of muscles to pull each other over load or resistance, while physically, strength is the product of mass multiplied by speed.
According to Syafruddin (2012: 70) "strength is the ability of muscles or pulling muscles to overcome loads or resistance , both loads in the sense of the body itself such as jumping, swinging the body, as well as external loads such as barbells, dumbbells, rejecting bullets and so on.-other".

Speed
The definition of running speed can simply be interpreted as the running speed achieved by someone in a certain time, so running speed is actually inseparable from the notion of speed.According to Kusyanto (1994: 83 ) " speed is the ability to carry out similar movements successively in the shortest possible time, or the ability to cover a distance in the shortest possible time, or the ability to cover a distance in the shortest possible time.the short one."

flexibility
According to Jonath/Krempel (1981) in Syafruddin "flexibility is the body's ability to perform exercises with large or broad amplitudes of movement".It can be explained that flexibility is the ability of the wrist/joint to be able to move in all directions with a large and wide range of motion in accordance with the function of the joint being moved.Another term for flexibility that is often found is flexibility, flexibility, and flexibility.

Strength endurance
Strength endurance is a strength element that is also much needed in sports, especially sports that require performance that requires relatively long time strength and a large number of repetitions/repetitions of movements such as in athletic sports in sprint numbers.The ability of this physical condition is built by elements of endurance and strength, or also known as muscular endurance.
In terms of the word endurance can be interpreted as the ability to withstand loads for a long time, while strength is the ability of muscles to contract.Thus, strength endurance is the ability of muscles to contract with the same movement against pressure repeatedly for a long time

Leg muscle explosive power
Explosive power is also called power , because the work process is anaerobic which requires the fastest time and strong power.This ability is a combination of strength and speed.Thus the explosive power works very quickly and is also supported by maximum strength.According to Poerwadar Minta in Christian (2010:23) "the leg is the whole leg, from the groin down".The limbs consist of several parts that coordinate with each other.Explosive leg power is the ability of the muscles to exert maximum strength in a very short time from the entire leg, from the groin down.

Arm muscle power
Explosive power is a combination of strength and speed, according to Annarino in Arsil (2008:71) explosive power is the strength and speed of muscle contraction dynamically, explosively in a fast time.Meanwhile, Corbin in Arsil (2008: 71) argues that explosive power is the ability to display/display power explosively or quickly.
Of the four events in the athletics branch, the explosive power of the arm muscles is needed by athletes in the throwing and taking off events.Arm muscles are very influential on whether or not the result of repulsion and throwing, apart from that the explosive power of the arm muscles themselves really need good muscle performance in providing power, holding weights.Thus it is clear that in order to achieve repulsion and the result of a throw that falls as far as possible it is very much supported by the maximum explosive power of the arm muscles.Based on the description above, the authors suspect that elements of physical condition are needed in in-depth athletics courses in each number taught.

METHOD
This type of research is descriptive in nature, namely looking at a variable being tested as it is.The population in this study were all athletes registered as PPLP West Sumatra athletic athletes in 2014, with a total of 20 people consisting of 11 male athletes and 9 female athletes.Based on the relatively small number of the population above, in this study the sample was taken, namely the entire population was sampled using the total sampling technique.Thus the sample in this study were all 14 West Sumatra PPLP athletic athletes .
The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistics using frequency tabulation with the formula:    Princess power endurance data

Endurance
From the results of the endurance tests carried out by athletes using the 2,400 m running test, the level of conditional ability in the West Sumatra PPLP athletic athletes was obtained by male athletes from 9 samples 11.11% who had an endurance level in the good category, 66.67% who had a level of endurance ability resistant in the moderate category and 22.22% who have a level of endurance ability in the less category, with an average gain included in the medium category.
To become an outstanding athletic athlete, the level of endurance ability possessed by athletes should be classified in the very good and good categories.In athletic competitions, endurance is a very important component of physical condition because athletes need oxygen for a long time, so athletes must be able to survive during the competition.Therefore, endurance is highly demanded in this event.

Strength
In the athletics branch, the physical condition of strength is needed, we can see that in the short-distance running numbers, the leg muscles play a role in creating fast, strong steps and staying balanced.Based on research conducted on PPLP West Sumatra athletic athletes, the physical condition of strength using the leg dynamometer tool was obtained by all athletes getting the very less category as well as the female athletes out of 5 female athletes who all got the very less category.
Judging from the results obtained by male and female athletes in terms of physical condition, strength is very far from the minimum value or even does not reach the minimum value, namely 84 kg for male athletes and 81 kg for female athletes, but the results obtained by male and female athletes only reach 15.20 kg.some are even only capable of a load of 6 kg.The low ability of the physical strength condition of PPLP West Sumatra athletic athletes is due to the lack of strength training given by the coach, based on the observations of researchers athletes are more likely to be given technical training than physical training, especially strength training.

Speed
From the results of the speed test using the sprint test with a distance of 30 meters, it was obtained that the level of ability of the condition of the West Sumatra PPLP athletic athletes was included in the moderate category, this was evidenced from 9 male athletes 22.22% who had speed in the good category, 44.44% who had speed in the moderate category and 33.33% which has speed in the less category.Of the female athletes who took the test in this study, out of 5 athletes, 20% had speed in the good category, 40% had speed in the medium category and 40% had speed in the less category.

flexibility
In this study to obtain flexibility data using the standing test trunk flexio using a flexiometer measuring tool .Based on the results of the flexibility test study which was attended by 14 West Sumatra PPLP athletic athletes, they received a good category.This was proven from 9 male athletes 33.33% who had flexibility in the moderate category, 22.22% who had flexibility in the good category and 44.44% who had flexibility in the very good category.Meanwhile, out of 5 female athletes, 40% had speed in the good category and 60% had speed in the very good category.

Strength endurance
From the results of the strength endurance test using the push-up test, the average the level of ability of the West Sumatra PPLP athletic athletes was in the medium category (39 times) for male athletes and in the less category (31 times) for female athletes.This can be seen from the results of a study of 9 male athletes 22.22% who had strength endurance in the good category, 33.33% who had endurance in the moderate category, 33.33% who had strength endurance in the less category and 11.11% who had endurance.withstand strength in the less category.Meanwhile, out of 5 female athletes, 20% had endurance in the moderate category, 60% had endurance in the less category and 20% had endurance in the very less category.

Leg muscle explosive power
From the results of data analysis and processing of the explosive power of the leg muscles of PPLP West Sumatra athletic athletes using the standing broad jump measuring instrument , it is moderately categorized for male athletes and very less for female athletes.This was proven from 9 male athletes who had leg muscle explosive power in the very good category 22.22%, who had leg muscle explosive power in the good category 22.22%, who had leg muscle explosive power in the moderate category 11.11%, who had muscle explosive power limbs in the less category 22.22%, those who have leg muscle explosive power in the very less category 22.22%.

Arm muscle power
Arm muscle explosive power is the ability of the arm muscles to withstand a maximum load in one action in a short time.This study looked at the explosive power of the arm muscles of PPLP West Sumatra athletics using the medicine ball push test and obtained an average of 4.17 included in the medium category for male athletes and 2.87 included in the very poor category for female athletes.Based on the findings of the researchers, it can be seen from the 9 male athletes who got the moderate category 55.56%, who got the less category 33.33%, and who got the very less category 11.11%.Whereas in the female athletes of the 5 samples who got the less category 60% and who got the very less category 40%.

CONCLUSION
1.The endurance level of male and female athletes is in the moderate category.2. The level of strength ability possessed by male and female athletes is in the very poor category.3. The level of speed ability possessed by male and female athletes is in the moderate category.4. The level of flexibility possessed by male and female athletes is in the good category.5.The level of strength endurance ability possessed by male athletes is included in the medium category and female athletes are included in the less category.6.The level of leg muscle explosive power possessed by male athletes is included in the moderate category and female athletes are included in the very less category.7. The level of explosive power of the arm muscles possessed by male athletes is in the moderate category and female athletes are in the very less category.

arm muscle explosive power data Table 14. Frequency Distribution of Ability Levels of Physical Conditions Female athlete's arm muscle explosive power
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